修復瑜珈.西藏頌缽療癒

箴言2

瑜伽是平抑思想之波動 

評註 

    現在我開始扼要地解釋瑜伽哲學的體系，讓讀者更清楚瑜伽哲學中的特色和關鍵點。瑜伽教導如何控制心靈的習氣傾向以獲得解脫；瑜伽教導如何去超越心靈以克制止外馳的心思來達到純粹的至上喜悅之境；瑜伽教導如何蛻變冥頑的習氣以達神性之境；瑜伽是一門完整平抑心思傾向，將其轉變為觀照的目標的方法，這需要持續和紮實的鍛煉；然後是無限的力量，和平和知識。

    勝王瑜伽是一門精密的科學。人們可以登上瑜伽階梯再耐心地通過其不同的梯級，階梯的最頂峰是無上正智三摩地(最高的超意識境界)，於此境界所有累世帶來的業力印記盡皆消散。八支瑜伽的八支是：自制、規戒，體位法、調息法，制感，執持，冥想和三摩地。

    這是一種瑜伽的分類：行動，虔誠，勝王瑜伽和知識。有些略去勝王瑜伽，只說行動、虔誠和知識等三種。虔誠即奉愛。另一種分類是真言瑜伽(唸誦神聖音節的瑜伽)，深定瑜伽(將心融於一的瑜伽)，哈達瑜伽(著重於修煉身體的瑜伽)和勝王瑜伽(克制習氣的瑜伽)。真言瑜伽唸誦的梵咒有上主希瓦的「Om Namah Sivaya」，上主維世努的「Om Namo Narayanaya」，以及聖母誦(Gayatri Mantra)等。深定瑜伽也是昆達利尼瑜伽，諦聽內在音聲(集中於心輪或內心秘音)也屬於深定瑜伽；梵語Laya有消融的意思，心消融於造物主中，猶如冰塊溶於一杯蘇打水中。

    哈達瑜伽與呼吸控制、體位法、鎖印、身印等有關。「哈」和「達」是指太陽和月亮的結合，生命氣與下行氣的結合；「哈達」亦指任何固執的練習，直到目的或目標達成。一般我們常見的說法：「他在做哈達。」這意味著「他非常固執。」哈達也堅持一些屬靈的鍛煉，禁語，定點凝視法，水晶凝視法，單腿站立(一種苦行)等等，都是哈達做法。哈達瑜伽並非是和勝王瑜伽分開的，它是為學員接續勝王瑜伽前的準備。哈達瑜伽著重的是呼吸和身體。呼吸控制法淨化氣俱舍*(生命力層)和瑜伽脈(星芒神經）；這有助於心靈專一。

譯註：俱舍*為梵文Kosha之音譯，本意為鞘、藏、被覆；文中指的是心靈不同的層次，「俱舍」譯名較早見於南北朝真諦三藏法師所譯之《阿毗達磨俱舍釋論》。

※譯按：本篇譯文來自Sri Swami Sivanada 的書籍《十奧義書(Ten Upanishadas)》，引用分享敬煩註明出處。

此文章出自於  http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/amosyang-rajaderajayoga 無私奉獻的台基大哥所翻譯,造福眾生～Om Shanti  Shanti  Shanti

MANTRA 2

Yoga is the restraint of thought-waves.

NOTES AND COMMENTARY 

    Now I proceed to explain the system of Yoga philosophy in brief and bring home to the readers the salient and vital points in the Yogic system. Yoga teaches how to control the Vrittis of the mind and get freedom. Yoga teaches how to curb the outgoing mind and attain one's pure state of bliss by going beyond the mind. Yoga teaches how to transmute the unregenerate nature and attain the state of Divinity. Yoga is a complete suppression of the tendency of the mind to transform itself into objects, thoughts etc. It demands continuous and steady practice. Then comes unlimited strength, peace and knowledge.

    Raja- Yoga is an exact science. One can ascend the Yogic ladder patiently through its different rungs. The highest summit of the ladder is Asamprajnata Samadhi (Highest Super-conscious State), wherein all the Samskaras (impressions), which bring about successive births are absolutely fried up. The eight limbs of Ashtanga Yoga are: Yama (self-restraint), Niyama (religious observances or canons), Asana (posture), Pranayama (restraint of breath), Pratyahara (abstraction of Indriyas), Dharana(concentration), Dhyana (meditation) and Samadhi (superconscious state).

    This is one kind of classification of Yoga. Karma (action), Upasana (devotion), Raja-Yoga . and Jnana (wisdom). Some omit Raja-Yoga and say Karma, Upasana and Jnana. This is Yoga-traya (threefold Yoga). Upasana is Bhakti (devotion). Another classification is Mantra-Yoga(Yoga of recitation of sacred syllables), Laya Yoga (Yoga of absorption of mind), Hatha- Yoga (Yoga of physical-vital culture) and Raja- Yoga (Yoga of restraint of Vrittis). Mantra-Yoga is recitation of Mantras as "Om Namah Sivaya" of Lord Siva, "Om Namo Narayanaya" of Lord Vishnu, Gayatri etc. Laya- Yoga is Kundalini- Yoga. Nada Anusandhana (concentration on Anahata or mystic sounds of heart) is also Laya-Yoga. Laya means dissolution. The mind is dissolved in God, just as a lump of ice is dissolved in a tumbler of soda.

    Hatha Yoga relates to the restraint of breath (Pranayama), Asanas, Bandhas, Mudras etc. 'Ha' and 'Tha' mean the union of sun and moon, union of Prana and Apana Vayus (vital airs). Hatha means any obstinate practice till the object or end is achieved. We say generally in common parlance: "He does Hatha." That means "he is very obstinate." Hatha is sticking to some spiritual practices, Mouna(vow of silence), Trataka (steady gazing) crystal-gazing, standing on one leg (a kind of Tapas) etc' etc., are all Hatha practices. Hatha Yoga is not separate from Raja Yoga. It prepares the student to take up Raja Yoga. Hatha Yoga is concerned with the breath (Prana) and the physical body. Pranayama purifies the Pranamaya Kosha (Vital sheath) and the Yoga-Nadis (astral nerves). It helps the steadying of the mind (Chitta-Ekagrata).